Hamish Carmichael has had a very happy thought in taking the initiative to collect anecdotes and recollections from the people of ICL, and so to edit and produce this Anthology.

Those of us who were and who still are privileged to work in the most exciting and significant industry so far created by the human race will recall that our colleagues came together from BTM, Powers Samas, and the computer activities of GEC, EMI, Ferranti, English Electric, LEO, Elliotts, Singer and other companies. The strategy of consolidating all the parts making up ICT was the work of Cecil Mead. The creation of ICL was - I suppose fairly - the desire of Harold Wilson’s government. - Arthur Humphreys.

Chapter 6 presents an anthology of quotations about LEO, mainly from LEO Computers personnel.

Edited by Hamish Carmichael

Dewey: 338.7610040941 

This book is signed inside "All The Best - Hamish" this was signed for Tony Priest who kindly donated to us.

Publisher: Laidlaw Hicks
Author: Hamish Carmichael

Part of general series including Aids to Program Design, Introduction to Computer Systems, Introduction to Data Communications and Introduction to Real Time. A description of the facilities of the BASIC language which are common to most versions, including the 1900 Series and System 4 implementations. ISBN 0 900482 12 5. 83 Pages.

The aim of the guide is to give an overview of the areas in which ICL operates.

Contents

• General
  • ICL Strategy
  • ICL Organisation
  • Things you didn't know about ICL
  • ICL OPENframework
  • ICL in Multimedia
  • ICL in Data Warehousing
• Markets
  • Introduction
  • Education
  • Financial Services
  • Government
  • Health
  • Local Government
  • Manufacturing
  • Oil
  • Retail
  • Travel
  • Utility
• Services
  • Introduction
  • Contract Manufacturing
    • Design to Distribution (D2D)
  • Customer Finance
    • ICL Open Hire
  • Development Services
    • Enterprise Engineering
  • Facility Management
    • IT:  CFM
    • Non-IT: Workplace Management
  • Integration Services
    • ASPYRE
    • ICL ProSystems AB
    • Security
    • The ITCentre
    • The SOLUTION Centre
  • Intelligent Buildings
    • Workplace Technologies Ltd 
  • Multimedia
    • Multimedia Solutions
    • Informationplus
  • Systems Services
    • Pan-European: ICL Sorbus
    • Global: Global Services Consortium
  • Training and Consultancy
    • Enterprise HR
    • Higher Skills
    • Peritas
  • Verification and Testing
    • The VERIFICATION CENTRE
• Products
  • Introdction
  • Servers
  • • Series 39
    • - OpenVME
    • GOLDRUSH MegaSERVER
    • Nile
    • teamservers and superservers
    • Sun
    • DRS 6000
    • DRS 3000
  • ICL search accelerator
  • PCs & Terminals
    • Business: PC and Terminals
    • Consumer Products: PCTV and Indiana
  • Networking
    • Strategy
    • Infrastructure Products
    • Software Products
    • Desktop Video Conferencing
    • Connectivity Products (Windows/OS/2Novell/NT)
    • PC-to-Unix Integration
• Software
  • Application Development
    • GraphicsPower
    • IntelligentPad
    • Micro Focus COBOL
    • Westmount ISEE
  • Document Management
    • PowerVision
    • RoleModel
  • Groupware
    • OfficePower
    • TeamWARE
  • Messaging
    • EMBLA
    • i.500 Directory Server
  • Middleware
    • AccessManager
    • DAIS
    • DecisionPOWER
    • Dialogue Manager
    • ODBII
    • TP Manager
  • Re-engineering
    • ProcessWise Portfolio
• Partners
  • Introduction
  • Australian Software Partners
  • Enterprise Partners
  • firstteam Partners
  • High Performance Partners
  • TeamWARE Partner Program
• International Contact List
• Acknowledgements
• Index

Publisher: ICL

It was previously known as the Product Guide.  The prime focus of ICL's business is systems integration in its selected markets, supporting by its service and product businesses.  This guide has been expanded to cover all if these areas.

Contents

1. ICL Strategy
2. Industry Systems
   • Introduction
   • Government and Major Companies
   • Financial Services
   • Health
   • Local Government
   • Manufacturing
   • Retail
   • Travel
3. Services
   • Introduction
   • CFM
   • Client-Server Systems Integration
   • Consultant's Consultant
   • Customer Service
   • D2D
   • Guardian
   • ICL Enterprises
   • Open Hire
   • Peritas
   • Security
   • Sorbus
   • WINS
   • Workplace Technologies
4. OPENframework
   • OPENframework
   • Application Integration
   • System Management Integration Centre
   • Information Publishing Services
   • OPENframework Consultancy & Traiming Services, and Products
   • Verification Centres
   • The ITC - Informtion Technology Centre Ltd
5. Products 
   • Client-Server
   • Series 39
   • GOLDRUSH MegaSERVER
   • teamservers and superservers
   • DRS 6000
   • DRS 3000
   • ICL search accelerator
   • Sun
   • Personal Computers & Terminals
   • Networking
6. Software
   • Enterprise-Wide Software
     • TeamWARE
     • OfficePower
     • Document Image Processing
   • Software Management Software
     • Access Manager
     • Dialogue Manager
     • TP Manager
   • Application Development Software
     • Westmount ISEE
     • DAIS
7. Partners
   • Introduction
   • Software Partners Programme

• International Contacts
• Index

Publisher: ICL

It aims to provide Management Consultants with an overview of ICL's strategies and specialised product offerings within each of its chosen vertical markets in the UK.

Contents

• Financial Services
• Retails
• Manufacturing
• Commercial
  • Construction
  • Distribution
• Government and Major Accounts
  • Central Government
  • The Ministry of Defence
  • British Gas
  • The Electricity Industry
  • The Water Industry
  • Telecommunications
  • Major Companies
  • Cross-Industry Applications
  • Law and Order
• Local Government
• Health
• ICL (UK) Organisation
  • Third Party Trading Division
  • Associated Services Division
  • Other Vendor Independent Services
• Index
• Trademark and Acknowledgements

Publisher: ICL

This publication provides and overview of ICL's principal product ranges, illustrating how they support the company's strategy.

Contents

1. Aspects of ICL Strategy
   • Overview
   • Open Systems
   • OPENframework
   • ERGONOMICS
   • PC LAN Solutions - TeamWARE
   • ICL Services
   • ICL Organisation & Relationships
2. Usding Intergrated Systems
   • Using Access
   • Office Applications: Summary of ICL's Office products
   • OFFICEPOWER: ICL's strategic office systems product
   • Document Image Processing
   • TeamOffice
   • Management Support: Managing information presentation tools
   • Corporate EDI
   • ISDN  Products/services for use with this digital network
3. Building Integrated Systems
   • Application Development
     • CASE  Computer aided systems engineering
     • TeamTools
   • Information Management
     • RDBMS  INGRES, ORACLE, INFORMIX and UNIFY
     • UNIX TP  UNIX Transaction Processing
     • IDMSX  ICL's VME integrated database management system
     • RDSA  Relationship Database Search Accelerator for DRS 6000 and DRS 3000
4. Managing Integrated Systems
   • Networking Overview
   • Local Area Network
     • OSLAN  Open system local area network
     • TeamNet/TeamCOMMS
     • FDDI  International standard for fiber optic networks
     • OPEN PLAN  Structured cabling
     • BRIDGES & ROUTER   Devices for linking OSLAN segments
     • OSNET/CP  Range of terminal and host servers
   • Wide Area Network
     • Carrier400  Fault tolerant message switch for public and large private networks
   • Network Services
   • Systems & Network Management
     • System Management
     • Open-NEWS  Network Management
     • TeamCARE  Network Management for PC LANs
5. Platforms
   • PCs and Terminals
     • Overview
     • Personal Computers
     • Terminal Systems
     • Sun  UNIX-based advanced graphics workstation
   • Mid-Range Systems
     • Overview
     • DRS 6000  Range of RISC-based, UNIX processors supporting up to 250+ concurrent users
     • DRS 3000  Range of Intel-based 80486/386SX UNIX processors supporting up to 50 conncurrent users
     • Transiton to UNIZ SVR4  Migrating from DRS 500/400/400 and System 25
   • Corporate Systems
     • Overview
     • Series 39  Range of corporate computers
     • VME  Mainframe operating system

• Appendices
  • Appendix 1. Open Hire
  • Appendix 2. Inviation to Tender
  • Appendix 3. Bibligraphy
• Index
• Trademarks and Acknowledgements

Publisher: ICL

This book provides an overview of ICL's principle product ranges, showing how they support the company's strategy.  Older equipment is also covered briefly, where it is still to be found in the field in significant numbers.

Contents

1. Aspects of ICL Strategy
2. Intergrated Environments
   • Openframework
   • Using Integrated Systems
   • Office Applications: Summary of ICL's Office products
   • OFFICEPOWER Family: Major office systems product on DRS 300/400/3000/6000 and Personal Computers
   • Management Support: Management information presentation tools
   • Electronic Information Services
     • VAD/EDI  Value added data services / electronic data interchange
     • ISDL  Products/services for use with this digial network
     • BULLETIN  VME-based viewdata system
   • Managing Intergrated Systems
   • Information Management
     • INGRES  A 4GL/rational database management system
     • IDMSX  ICL's VME integrated databased management system
   • System Management
     • Open Systems Management Centre: Software products for managing networked systems
   • Building Integrated Systems
   • Application Development
     • CASE  Computer aided software engineering
   • Interconnection Strategy
     • OPEN SYSTEMS  International standards for data communications
     • OSLAN  Open system local area network
     • OSMUX  Products for high-speed digital data & voice circuits
     • Packet Switching Product  Range of products for private X.25 networks
     • Carrier400  Fault tolerant message switch for public  and large private networks
3. Personal & Departmental Products
   • Personal & Departmental Overview
     • DRS 6000  Range of RISC-based. UNIX processors supporting up to 250 concurrent users
     • DRS 3000  Range of Intel-bsaed 80486 UNIX processors supporting up to 50 concurrent users
     • DRS 55/75NX  Two entry-level UNIX machines
     • DRS 500  Range of UNIX-based minicomputers supporting up to 96 users
     • DRS 400  Range of UNIX-based minicomputers supporting up to 48 users
     • DRS 300  Multi-user/tasking microcomputer for up to 16 users under Concurrent DOS or up to 10 users under UNIX
     • DRS CPU  Cluster controllers for connecting up to 16 terminals to open systems, local and X.25 wide area networks
     • DRS PCs  Range of personal computers
     • DRS Terminal Workstations  Range of international-standard terminals
     • SYSTEM 25 Sun  Range of small business and networking computers UNIX-based advanced graphics workstations
4. Corporate Products
   • Corporate Overview
   • Series 39 VME  Range of mainframe computers
   •  CAFS - ISP  High-speed database search facility
5. Support
   • Services
   • Exchange Hire Scheme

• Index
• Trademarks and Acknowledgements

Publisher: ICL

This publication provides and overview of ICL's principal product ranges, illustrating how they support the company's strategy.

Contents

1. Aspects of ICL Strategy
   • Overview
   • Open Systems
   • OPENframework
   • Software Partners Programme
   • ICL Services
   • ICL Organisation & Relationships
2. Usding Intergrated Systems
   • Client Server Computing
   • Access Manager
   • Office Applications: Summary of ICL's Office products
   • OFFICEPOWER: ICL's strategic office systems product
   • Document Image Processing
   • TeamOffice
   • Management Support: Managing information presentation tools
   • Corporate EDI
   • ISDN  Products/services for use with this digital network
   • Carrier400  Fault tolerant message switch for public and large private networks
3. Building Integrated Systems
   • ICL's Application Development Strategy
   • Quick Build
   • Westmount ISEE
   • 4th Generation Languages
   • 3rd Generation Languages
   • TeamTools
   • CASE Tools  Development tools from specialised vendors
   • RDBMS  INGRES, ORACLE, INFORMIX and UNIFY
   • Accelerator  Rational Database Search Accelerator on UNIX for INGRES and for INFORMIX 
   • IDMSX  ICL's VME integrated database management system
   • UNIX TP  UNIX Transaction Processing#
   • DCR  Distributed Computing 
4. Managing Integrated Systems
   • Networking Overview
   • OSLAN  Open system local area network
   • TeamNet/TeamCOMMS
   • FDDI  International standard for fiber optic networks
   • OPEN PLAN  Structured cabling
   • BRIDGES & ROUTER   Devices for linking OSLAN segments
   • OSNET/CP  Range of terminal and host servers
   • Network Services
   • Systems Management
   • INMS  Integrated Network Managemenet System
   • TeamCARE  Network Management for PC LANs
5. Platforms
   • PCs and Terminals
     • Overview
     • Personal Computers
     • Terminal Systems
     • Sun  UNIX-basedd advanced graphics workstation
   • Mid-Range Systems
     • Overview
     • DRS 6000  Range of RISC-based, UNIX processors supporting up to 250+ concurrent users
     • DRS 3000  Range of Intel-based 80486/386SX UNIX processors supporting up to 50 conncurrent users
     • Transiton to UNIZ SVR4  Migrating from DRS 500/400/400 and System 25
   • Corporate Systems
     • Overview
     • Series 39  Range of corporate computers
     • VME  Mainframe operating system

• Bibliography
• Index
• Trademarks and Acknowledgements

Publisher: ICL

The Series 39 range was based upon the New Range concept and the VME operating system from the company's ICL 2900 line, and was introduced as two ranges:

Series 39 "Estriel" systems (Series 39 Level 40 and above, including multinodes), which replaced previous mid-range and large processors from the 2900 range, and needed a full computer room environment
Series 39 DM1 systems (up to Series 39 Level 30), which were intended to replace the smaller processors such as the ICT1901/2, the ICL2903/4 and the ME29 ranges. These brought mainframe class operating system facilities into the office environment, a first for ICL

The original Series 39 introduced the "S3L" processors and microcodes, and a nodal architecture (see ICL VME) which is a form of Non-Uniform Memory Access which allowed nodes to be up to 500 metres apart.

The Series 39 range introduced Nodal Architecture, a novel implementation of distributed shared memory that can be seen as a hybrid of a multiprocessor system and a cluster design. Each machine consists of a number of nodes, and each node contains its own order-code processor and main memory. Virtual machines are typically located (at any one time) on one node, but have the capability to run on any node and to be relocated from one node to another. Discs and other peripherals are shared between nodes. Nodes are connected using a high-speed optical bus using multiple fibre optic cables, which is used to provide applications with a virtual shared memory. Memory segments that are marked as shared (public or global segments) are replicated to each node, with updates being broadcast over the inter-node network. Processes which use unshared memory segments (nodal or local) run in complete isolation from other nodes and processes.

The semaphore instructions prove their worth by controlling access to the shared writable memory segments while allowing the contents to be moved around efficiently.

Overall, a well configured Series 39 with VME had an architecture which can provide a significant degree of proofing against disasters, a nod to the abortive VME/T ideas of the previous decade.

This book is in pristine condotion and was veryvkindly donated by Tony Priest

Volume 1 Issue 2

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Computers in the support of agriculture in developing countries
• Software and algorithms for the Distributed-Array Processor
• Hardware monitoring on the 2900 range
• Network models of system performance
• Advanced technology in printing: the laser printer
• The new frontier: three essays on job control
• Notes for authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 2 Issue 1

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• Security and privacy of data held in computers
• CADES - software engineering in practice
• ME29 Initial program load - an exercise in defensive programming
• Project Little - an experiemental ultra reliable system
• Flow of instructions through a pipelined processor
• Towards an 'expert' diagnostic system
• Using Open System Interconnection standards

Publisher: ICL

Volume 2 Issue 3

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• A dynamic database for econometric modelling
• Personnel on CAFS: a case study
• Giving the computer a voice
• Data integrity and the implications for back-up
• Applications of the ICL Distributed Array Processor in econometric computations
• A high level logic design system
• Measures of programming complexity

Publisher: ICL

Volume 3 Issue 1

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• Information Technology Year 1982
• Software of the ICL System 25
• Security in a large general-purpose operating system: ICL's approach in VME/2900
• System evolution dynamics of VME/B
• Software aspects of the Exeter Community Health Services Computer Project
• Associative data management system
• Evaluating manufacturing testing strategies

Publisher: ICL

Volume 3 Issue 3

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Editorial
• IPA networking architecture
• IPA data interchange and networking facilities
• The IPA telecommunications function
• IPA community management
• MACROLAND: A high-performance network
• Specification in CSP language of the ECMA-72 Class 4 transport protocol
• Evolution of switched telecommunication networks
• DAP in action

Publisher: ICL

Volume 4 Issue 1

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Editorial
• The ICL University Research Council
• The Atlas 10 computer
• Towards better specifications
• Solution of the global element equations on the ICL DAP
• Quality model of system design and integration
• Software cost models
• Program history records: a system of software data collection and analysis
• Notes on the authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 4 Issue 3

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• Queen's Award
• Overview of the ICL Series 39 Level 30 system
• VME nodal architecture: a model for the realisation of a distributed system concept
• Processing node of the ICL Series 39 Level 30 system
• Input/output controller and local area networks of the ICL Series 39 Level 30 system
• The store of the ICL Series 39 Level 30 system
• The high-speed peripheral controller for the Series 39 system
• Development of 8000-gate CMOS gate arrays for the ICL Level 30 system
• Development route for C8K 8000-gate CMOS array
• Design automation tools used in the development of the ICL Series 39 Level 30 system
• Design and manufacture of the cabinet for the ICL Series 39 Level 30 system
• Manufacturing the Level 30 system. I Mercury: an advanced production line
• Manufacturing the Level 30 system. II Merlin: an advanced printed circuit board manufacturing system
• Manufacturing the Level 30 system. III The test system
• Patent applications arising out of the Level 30 project
• Notes on the authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 5 Issue 1

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Editorial
• ICL Company research and development, 1904-1959
• Innovation in computational architecture and design
• REMIT: a natural language paraphraser for relational query expressions
• Natural language database enquiry
• The me too method of software design
• Formal specification - a simple example
• The effects of inspections on software quality and productivity
• Recent developments in image data compression for digital facsimile
• Message structure as a determinant of message processing system structure
• Suggested extension of ICL DAP parallelism
• Notes on the authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 5 Issue 3

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• The ICL Fifth Generation Programme
• Guest Editorial
• Foreword
• What is Fifth Generation? - the scope of the ICL programme
• Applications
  • The Alvey DHSS Large Demonstrator Project
  • PARAMEDICL: a computer-aided medical diagnosis system for parallel architecture
  • S39XC - a configurer for Series 39 mainframe systems
  • The application of knowledge based systems to computer capacity management
• Applications Environment
  • On knowledge bases at ECRC
  • Logic languages and relational databases: the design and implementation of Educe
  • The semantic aspects of MMI
• Languages
  • Language overview
  • PISA -  a Persistent Information Space Architecture
  • Software development using functional programming languages
  • Dactl: a computational model and compiler target language based on graph reductiomn
• Parallet Declarative Systems
  • Designing system software for parallel declarative systems
  • Flagship computational models and machine architecture
  • Flagship hardware and implementation
  • GRIP: A parallel graph reduction machine
• Notes on the authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 6 Issue 1

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• ICL series 39 support process
• The ICL systems support centre organisation
• ICL Services Product Centre
• Knowledge engineering as an aid to the system service desks
• Logic analysers for system problem solving
• Repair - past and future
• OSI migration
• A Network of Support Application Software Development
• Universal Communications Cabling,  A Building Utility
• Collecting and generalising knowledge descriptions from task analysis data
• The architecture of an automated Quality Management System
• ICL Company Research and Development Part 2: Mergers and Mainframes, 1959-1968
• Notes on authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 6 Issue 3

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• Tools, Methods and Theories: a personal view of progress towards Systems Engineering
• Systems Integration
• An architectural framework for systems
• Twenty Years with Support Environments
• An Intoduction to the IPSE 2.5 Project
• The case for Case
• The UK Inland Revenue operational systems
• La Solution ICL chez Charrefour a Orleans
• A Formally Specified In-Store System for the Retail Sector
• ... towards a Geographic Information System
• "Ingres Physical Design Adviser": a prototype system for advising on the physical design of an Ingres relational database
• KANT - a Knowledge Analysis Tool
• Pure logic language
• The 'Design to Product' Alvey Demonstrator
• Notes on authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 7 Issue 1

This issue of the Journal is devoted to two subjects: DRS6000 series and interfaces of various kinds both to and within computers.

Contents

• Obituary
• Editorial
• DRS6000 (UNICORN)
  • Foreword
  • Architecture of the DRS6000 (UNICORN) Hardware
  • Eletromechanical Design of DRS6000 (UNICORN) 
• Interfaces
  • The User-System Interface - a challenge for application users and application developers?
  • The emergence of the separable user interface
  • SMIS - A Knowledge-Based Interface to Marketing Data
  • A Conversational Interface to a Constraint-Satisfaction System
  • SODA: The ICL interface for ODA document access
  • Human - Human co-operation and the design of co-operative mechanisms
  • Regulatory Requirements for Security - User Access Control
  • Standard for secure interfaces to distributed applications
  • How to Use Colour in Display - I. Physiology Physics & Perception
• Notes on Authors
• Guidance for Authors
• French Translations of Abstracts

Publisher: ICL

Volume 7 Issue 3

This issue of the Journal is devoted to the topics on ISDN and other papers.

Contents

• French Translations of Abstract
• German Translations of Abstract
• ISDN
  • Foreword
  • Introduction to the technical characteristics of ISDN
  • ISDN in France: Numeris and its market
  • The Telecomms Scene in Spain
  • Future Applications of ISDN to Information Technology
• Other Papers
  • A Geographical Information System for Managing Assets of a Water Company
  • Using Constraint Logic Programming Techniques in Container Port Planning
  • Locator - An Application of Knowledge Engineering to ICL's Customer Service
  • Designing the HCI for a Graphical Knkowledge Tree Editor: A Case Study in User-Centred Design
  • X/Open - From Strength to Strength
  • Achitectures of Database Machines
  • Computer Simulation for the Effecient Development of Silicon Technologies
  • The use of Ward and Mellor Structured Methology for the Design of a Complex Real Time System
• Notes on Authors
• Guidance for Authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 8 Issue 1

This issue of the Journal is devoted to the subject of CASE - Computer Aided System Engineering.

Contents

• French Translations of Abstract
• German Translations of Abstract
• Editorial
• Foreword
• Defining CASE Requirements
• ICLS's ICASE Products
• The Engineering Database
• CASE Data Integration: The Emerging International Standards
• Building Maintainable Knowledge Based Systems
• The Architecture of an Open Dictionary
• The Use of a Persisent Language in the Implementation of a Process Support System
• ALF: A Third Generation Environment fo Systems Engineering
• MASF/DL: The ALF Language for Process Modelling
• The ALF User Interface Management System
• A New Notation for Dataflow Specifications
• Book reviews
• Guidance to Authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 8 Issue 3

This issue of the Journal is devoted to the subject of OPENframework, and other papers.

Contents

• Editorial Note
• French Translations of Abstract
• German Translations of Abstract
• OPENframework
  • Foreword
  • An Introduction to OPENframework
  • The Evolution of the OPENframework Systems Architecture
  • Creating Potential-for-Change
  • OPENframework in Action at DEVETIR
  • Strategic Information Systems Planning: A Process to Integrate IT and Business Strategies
  • Describing Systems in the OPENframework Integration Knowledge Base
  • Mulitmedia and Standards for Open Information
  • VME-X: Making VME Open
• Other Papers
  • A New Approach to Cryptographic Facility Design
  • CHISLE: An Engineer's Tool for Hardware System Design
  • Distributed Detection of Deadlock
• Book Reviews
• The ICL Computer Users Association
• Guidance to Authors

Publisher: ICL

Issue 1

This is the first issue of the ICL Technical Journal.  The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• Editorial
• The origins of the 2900 series
• Sizing computer systems and workloads
• Wind of change
• Standards for open-network operation
• Distributed computing in business data processing
• A general model for integrity control
• ICL Worldwide
• Notes for authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 1 Issue 3

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• Meteosat 1: Europe's first meteorological satellite
• An analysis of checkpointing
• Statistical and related systems
• Structured programming techniques in interrup-driven routines
• The content addressable file store - CAFS
• Computing in the humanities
• Erratum
• The data dictionary system in analysis and design
• Notes for authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 2 Issue 2

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• The ICL information processing architecture IPA
• VME/B a model for the realisation of a total system concept
• Birds, Bs and CRTs
• Solution of elliptic partial differential equations on the ICL Distributed Array Processor
• Data routing and transpositions in processor arrays
• A Bayesian approach to testing modelling
• Notes for authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 2 Issue 4

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Architecture of the ICL System 25
• Designing for the X.25 telelcommunications standard
• Viewdata and the ICL Bulletin System
• Development philosophy and fundamental processing concerts of the ICL Rapid Application Development System RADS
• A moving-mesh plasma equilibrium problem on the ICL Distributed Array Processor

Publisher: ICL

Volume 3 Issue 2

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• The advance of Information Technology
• Computing for the needs of development
• The PERQ workstation and the distributed computing environment
• Some techniques for handling encipherment
• The use of COBOL for scientific data processing
• Recognition of hand-written characters using the DAP
• Hardware design faults: A classification and some measurements

Publisher: ICL

Volume 3 Issue 4

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• Expert system in heavy industry: an application of ICLX in a British Steel Corporation works
• Dragon: the development of an expert sizing system
• The logic language PROLOG-M in database technology and intelligent knowledge-based systems
• QPROC: a natural language database enquiry system implementation in PROLOG
• Modelling software support
• Author Index
• Subject Index

Publisher: ICL

Volume 4 Issue 2

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Modelling a multiprocessor designed for telecommunication systems control
• Tracking of LSI chips and printed circuit boards using the ICL Distributed Array Processor
• Sorting of DAP
• User functions of the generation and distribution of encipherment keys
• Analysis of software failure data (1): adaptation of the Littlewood stochastic reliability growth model for coarse data
• Towards a formal specification of teh ICL Data Dictionary
• Notes on the authors
• Museum and Archive for the history of the computer

Publisher: ICL

Volume 4 Issue 4

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• History of the ICL content-addressable file store (CAFS)
• History of the CAFS relational software
• The CAFS system today and tomorrow
• Development of the CAFS-ISP controller product for Series 29 and 39 systems
• CADS-ISP: issues for the application designer
• Using secondary indexes for large CAFS databases
• Creatibg and end-user CAFS service
• Textmaster - a document-retrieval system using CAFS-ISP
• CAFS and text: the view from academia
• Secrets of the sky: the IRAS data at Queen Mary College
• CAFS file-correlation limit
• Patents relating toe ICL content-addressable file store
• Notes on the authors
• Subject index to Volume 4
• Author index to Volume 4

Publisher: ICL

Volume 5 Issue 2

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• The Management Into the 1990s Research Program
• Managing strategic ideas: the role of the computer
• A study of interactive computing at top manaegment levels
• a management support environment
• Managing change and gaining corporate commitment
• An approach to information technology planning
• Preparing the organisation for IPSE
• Global Language for Distributed Data Integration
• The design of distributed secure logical machines
• Mathematical logic in the large practical world
• The ICLD DRS 300 management graphics system
• Performamce of OSLAN local area network
• Experience with programming parallel signal-processing algorithms in Fortran 8X
• Book review
• Notes on the authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 5 Issue 4

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• Networking and Interworking
  • Open Distributed Processing
  • The Advanced Network Systems Architecture Project
  • Community management for the ICL networked production line
  • The X/OPEN Group and the Common Applications Environment
  • Security in distributed information systems: needs, problems and solutions
  • Cryptographic file storage
• Office Documentation and Automation
  • Standards and office information
  • Introducing ODA
  • The Technical and Office Protocols-TOP
  • X.400 - international information distribution
• Interface and Programming Languages
  • A general purpose natural language interface: design and application as a database front end
  • DAP-Ada: Ada facilities for SIMD architectures
  • Quick language implementation
• Notes on the authors
• Subject index to Volume 5
• Author index to Volume 5

Publisher: ICL

Volume 6 Issue 2

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Foreword
• Flexible manufacturing
  • Manufacturing at ICL's Ashton plant
• Information technology in manufacturing
  • Open systems architecture for CIM
  • MAES - An expert system applied to the planning of material support in computer manufacturing
  • JIT and IT
  • Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP): Experience at Dowty Fuel Systems
  • Use of integrated electronic mail within database to control processes
  • Value engineering - a tool for product cost reduction
• Design and manufacture of printed circuit boards
  • ASP: Artwork specification in Prolog
  • Elastomer technology for probing high density printed circuit boards
  • The effects of back driving surface mounted digital integrate circuits
  • Reliability of surface mounted component soldered joints produced by vapour phase infrared soldering techniques
• Materials science supporting services
  • Materials evaluation
  • Technology and human factors in industry
• Notes on authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 6 Issue 4

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology. 

Contents

• Editorial
• 'Time to Market' (ICL URC Workshop, Wokefield Park, 5-6 March 1989)
  • Foreword
  • Time to Market in new product development
  • Time to Market in manufacturing
• Data Security
  • The VME High Security Option
  • Security aspects of the fundamental association model
  • An introduction on public key systems and digital signatures
  • Security classes and access rights in a distributed system
• Knowledge Engineering
  • Building a marketeer's workbench: an expert system applied to the marketing planning process
  • The Knowledge Crunching Machine at ECRC: a joint R&D project of a high speed Prolog system
• Flagship Project
  • Aspects of protection on the Flagship machine: binding, context and environment
• History of ICL
  • ICL Company Research and Development
• Notes on authors
• Index to Volume 6

Publisher: ICL

Volume 7 Issue 2

This issue of the Journal is devoted to the new SX Models, and papers arising from collaborative R&D.

Contents

• French Translations of Abstract
• Dutch Translations of Abstract
• The New SX Models
  • Foreword
  • The SX Node Architecture
  • SX Design Processes
  • Physcial Design Concepts of the SX Mainframe
• Papers arising from collaborative R&D
  • Foreword
  • The Development of Marketing to Design: The Incorporation of Human Factors into Specificiation and Design
  • The Manchester University Multimedia Information Systems Project
  • Advances in the Processing and Management of Multimedia Information
  • An Overview o Multiworks
  • RICHE-Reseau d'Information et de Communication Hospitalier Europeen (Healthcare Information and Communication Network for Europe)
  • E.S.F. - A European Programme for Evolutionary Introduction of Software Factories
  • A Spreadsheet with Visible Logic
  • Intelligent Help - The Results of EUROHELP Project
  • How to use Colour In Displays - Coding, Cognition and Comprehension
• Further Papers
  • Eye Movements for A Bidirectional Human Interface
  • Government IT Infrastructure for the Nineties (GIN); An Introduction to the Programme
• Book Review
• Notes on Authors
• Guidance for Authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 7 Issue 4

This issue of the Journal is devoted to the topics on system management, and other papers.

Contents

• French Translations of Abstract
• German Translations of Abstract
• Editorial
• System Management
  • Foreword
  • System Management: A challenge for the Nineties - Why now?
  • The Evolution within ICL of an Architecture for Systems Management
  • Manageability of a Distributed System
  • Distribution Management - ICL's Open Approach
  • Experience of Managing Data Flows in Distributed Computing in Retail Businesses
  • Generation of Configurations - a Collaborative Venture
  • Operations Management
  • OSMC: The Operations Control Manager
  • The Network Management Domain
  • An Overview of Releigh Object-Oriented Database System
• Other Papers
  • Making a Secure Office System
  • Architectures of Knowledge Base Machines
  • The Origins of PERICLES - A common on-line Interface
• Book reviews
• Indexes to Vol 7 Issue 1-4
• Guidance to Authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 8 Issue 2

This issue of the Journal is devoted to the subject of Advanced Networks, and other papers.

Contents

• Editorial Note
• French Translations of Abstract
• German Translations of Abstract
• Advanced Networks
  • Open Networks - The Key to Gobal Success
  • Infrastructure of Corporate Networks in the Nineties
  • Broadband Networking
  • FDDI - The High Speed Network for the Nineties
  • The Evolution of Wireless Networks
  • Communications Technology for the Retail Enviroment
• Other Papers
  • RIBA - A Support Environment for Distributed Processing
  • Information Technology: Support for Law Enforcement Investigations and Intelligence
  • Standard for Keyboard Layouts - The Origins and Scope of ISO/IEC 9995
  • ESS - A Solid State Disc System for ICL System for ICL Series 39 Maintframes
• Guidance to Authors

Publisher: ICL

Volume 8 Issue 4

The journal covers topics on ICL's research, ICL products, engineering practice and innovation in technology.  

Contents

• French Translations of Abstract
• German Translations of Abstract
• Toward the 4th Generation Office: A Study in Office Systems Evolution
• IPCS-Integrated Product Configuring Service
• CGS-The ICL Configurer Graphics Service
• Location Transparency in Heterogeneous Networks
• Future Office Interconnection Architectures for LAN and Wide Area Access
• Paralled Lisp and the Text Translation System METAL on the European Declarative System
• Detecting Laten Sector Facults in SCSI Disks
• Book Reviews
• Indexes to Vol 8 Issues 1-4
• Guidance to Authors

Publisher: ICL

Publisher: ICL

Publisher: ICL Training
Author: ICL

Publisher: Oxford University Press
Author: Martin Campbell-Kelly

Scottish computers in schools project book, aimed at young students, tied to the Scottish computer curriculum.

An early example of an school educational book

Publisher: Chambers
Author: Various

Scottish computers in schools project book, aimed at Teachers, tied to the Scottish computer curriculum.

An early example of an school educational book

Publisher: Chambers
Author: Various

This is the log book by P Mellor, from 1985 to 1988, to log all the functions and errors carried out on the Perq, which is now also housed in our collection

Publisher: .
Author: P Mellor

First Edition
ISBN-13: 978-0333219171

A selection of articles related to the ICL 2900 Series

Publisher: Macmillan
Author: John K. Buckle